Definition

1. Noun:
   • Human morality, human ethics: "Nhân luân" refers to the system of moral principles and ethical norms governing human relationships, particularly in traditional Confucian society. It encompasses the fundamental duties and proper conduct between individuals in specific social roles.
   • The moral laws between people: It denotes the traditional code of conduct defining the ethical obligations in key human relationships, such as those between ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife, elder and younger siblings, and between friends.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Nho giáo rất coi trọng nhân luân. (Confucianism places great importance on human ethics.)
  • Nhân luân là nền tảng của trật tự xã hội phong kiến. (Human morality was the foundation of feudal social order.)
  • Ông ấy luôn sống và hành xử theo đúng nhân luân. (He always lives and acts according to proper human ethics.)

Advanced Usage

• "Đạo nhân luân": The way/path of human ethics.

  • Sách này bàn sâu về đạo nhân luân. (This book discusses the way of human ethics in depth.)

• "Mối quan hệ nhân luân": An ethical human relationship.

  • Mối quan hệ vua tôi là một mối quan hệ nhân luân quan trọng. (The ruler-subject relationship was an important ethical human relationship.)

Variants and Related Words

• Luân thường (n): Moral constants; the constant/enduring moral principles. Often used in conjunction with "nhân luân".

  • Xã hội ấy đề cao luân thường đạo lý. (That society upheld moral constants and righteousness.)

• Đạo lý (n): Righteousness, moral principle.

  • Hành động của anh ta trái với đạo lý thông thường. (His action goes against common moral principles.)

Synonyms

• Đạo đức con người: Human morality/ethics.
• Luân lý: Morals, morality (a broader, more general term for moral principles).

Notes on Usage

• Register: The word "nhân luân" is considered archaic (cũ) or literary in modern Vietnamese. It is primarily encountered in historical, philosophical, or literary contexts discussing traditional East Asian, especially Confucian, value systems.
• Context: It specifically refers to the ethical framework of the "Five Cardinal Relationships" (Ngũ luân) in Confucianism, which structured traditional societal duties. It is not used for modern, abstract discussions of general ethics.

1. (cũ) Human morality, human ethics